The Competition Primers for ASEAN Judges were developed by the Federal Court of Australia in cooperation with the OECD and peer reviewed by several judges from AMS with the aim to provide a practical and informative guide for judges in reviewing decisions under competition laws in ASEAN Member States. The topics of the primers are: 

(i) Economics for Judges in the Competition Law Context (download here);

(ii) Abuse of Dominant Position: What is it and how it is assessed (download here);

(iii) Expert Evidence in the context of competition law cases (download here); and

(iv) Circumstantial Evidence in the Context of Competition Law (download here).

Translation of the Primers:

1. 1. Cambodian
   • Economics for Judges
   • Abuse of Dominant Position
   • Expert Evidence
   • Circumstantial Evidence
   2. Indonesian
   3. Lao 
   • Economics for Judges
   • Abuse of Dominant Position
   • Expert Evidence
   • Circumstantial Evidence
   4. Malay
   • Economics for Judges
   • Abuse of Dominant Position
   • Expert Evidence
   • Circumstantial Evidence
   5. Thai
   6. Vietnamese
      • Economics for Judges
      • Abuse of Dominant Position
      • Expert Evidence
      • Circumstantial Evidence